I Do Believe That If You Haven t Learnt About Sadness,...

â€Å"I do believe that if you haven’t learnt about sadness, you cannot appreciate happiness.† -Nana Mouskouri. Nana Mouskouri came up with this quote during her singing career, when a fan asked her how she came to be such an amazing singer. Nana Mouskouri mentioned that she had a lot of rough patches along the way with managers dropping her, but in the end, she ended up on top. In other words, it will be easier to appreciate the good times if you’ve already been through bad times. This quote is appealing because it applies to a variety of situations. Every person has hard times, and every person has happy times, but this quote could bring the two together. Therefore, many people would agree with this quote. Many different people lived by this quote, and they ended up appreciating the good times more after they went through the bad ones. One person that followed this quote is Nelson Mandela; He worked hard through legal troubles, relationship problems, and accusations for something he wanted for a long time. These long and tedious times, including the lengthy court trials, led to racial tension ease, which Mandela wanted for a long time (Academic American Encyclopedia). He went through the long trials until he got his wish of the racial tension ease. People should live by this quote because it demonstrates there are sad times in life, like Mandela’s court trials, but once people get through them, they can be more appreciative of what makes them happy. In Mandela’s case, whatShow MoreRelatedThe Importance of Teaching Culture in the Foreign Language Classroom9379 Words   |  38 Pagessociologists, such as Durkheim, were well aware of, and expatiated upon, the interdependence of language and culture. For Durkheim (1912 [1947]), children master their mother tongue by dint of making hypotheses as to the p ossible circumstances under which it can be used, and by learning probabilities. For example, a child sees a canary and is culturally conditioned to associate certain features and attributes of the bird with the actual word canary. And most importantly, the extent to which the child will internalizeRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesmechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in this book, and the publisher was aware of a trademark claim, the

Creatinine Lab Free Essays

Title: Creatinine Assay Aim: To determine the creatinine clearance of a selected undiluted urine samples by graphical extrapolation from a creatinine curve. Materials and Apparatus: University of the West Indies: Department of Basic Medical Sciences Laboratory Manual: BC35A, Creatinine Assay, pages 6-8, 2012 Changes to the Method: The experiment utilized one undiluted urine samples for concentration determination instead of five aliquots of twenty four hour urine samples. The urine sample and standard creatinine solutions were analyzed spectrophotometrically approximately five minutes after they were made up instead of using the allotted time interval (minutes) as suggested by the laboratory manual. We will write a custom essay sample on Creatinine Lab or any similar topic only for you Order Now Results: Please see attachments. Discussion Creatinine is a chemical waste molecule that is generated from muscle metabolism. It is an anhydride of creatine, the end product of phosphocreatine metabolism; measurements of its rate of urinary excretion are used as diagnostic indicators of kidney function and muscle mass. The experiment utilized serum creatinine. Creatinine is filtered out of the blood by the kidneys (glomerular filtration). There is little tubular reabsorption of creatinine. If the filtering of the kidney is deficient, creatinine blood levels rise. Therefore, creatinine levels in blood and urine may be used to calculate the creatinine clearance which reflects the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). The GFR is clinically important because it is a measurement of renal function . A more complete estimation of renal function can be made when interpreting the blood (plasma) concentration of creatinine along with that of urea. BUN-to-creatinine ratio (the ratio of blood urea nitrogen to creatinine) can indicate other problems besides those intrinsic to the kidney; for example, a urea level raised out of proportion to the creatinine may indicate a pre-renal problem such as volume depletion. The typical human reference ranges for serum creatinine are 0. 5 to 1. 0 mg/dl (about 45-90 ? mol/l) for women and 0. 7 to 1. 2 mg/dl (60-110 ? mol/L) for men. While a baseline serum creatinine of 2. 0 mg/dl (150 ? mol/l) may indicate normal kidney function in a male body builder. The experimental creatinine levels obtained for the undiluted sample of creatinine is ____________, the values obtained are significantly higher than the normal creatinine values for a healthy male or female. Factors that may contribute to the elevated levels of serum creatinine may include; a disorder of the kidneys and impaired renal function. These disorders include glomerulonephritis characterized by inflammation of the blood vessels in the kidneys, bacterial infection of the kidneys or pyelonephritis and acute tubular necrosis, or cell death in the kidneys’ small tubes caused by toxic substances. Obstruction of the urinary tract, such as with prostate disease or kidney stones, can also cause impaired kidney function and lead to elevated creatinine levels. Increased muscle mass indicates increased creatine phosphate, which translates to increased creatinine levels in the blood. Acromegaly and gigantism are disorders caused by abnormality of the pituitary gland and can be associated with increased muscle mass also the ingestion of steroidal substances that stimulates an increase in muscle mass. When medical conditions affect normal blood flow to the kidneys, renal function becomes impaired thus increasing creatinine levels in the blood. Shock, or a sudden critical drop in blood flow to the body, compromises renal status because the kidneys are not being nourished. Dehydration causes reduced renal blood flow, as well. In people with congestive heart failure, the heart is not adequately pumping blood towards the kidneys and other organs. Atherosclerosis, or narrowing of the arteries, and diabetic nephropathy are other conditions that reduce blood flow to the kidneys. Precautions/Sources of Error: 1. The experiment utilize spectrophotometric machines that are susceptible to light interfence from the external environment and interference from glassware that is not properly cleaned, this may cause inaccurate readings. 2. Contamination of serum standard solutions of creatinine may give inaccurate readings when using the spectrophotometric machines, hence contamination should be prevented by using clean glassware and wearing all the protected clothing that is applicable. Questions a) Factors that may contribute to varying creatinine levels include: (1)The most common abnormality in a creatinine blood level is a change in kidney function. The kidneys are composed of around a million filters for each kidney, called nephrons. Each of these nephrons contains tubular structures that accomplish the filtering of waste materials and the re-absorption of necessary materials in the blood that passed through the nephrons. Most creatinine is normally filtered out along two structures called the glomerulus and proximal convoluted tubule, maintaining the low levels of creatinine in the blood. A rise in creatinine blood levels indicates that this filtration is not taking place, suggesting there is a problem with kidney function. (2) Creatinine levels can be affected by transient or non-disease factors that are not kidney malfunction. Bodybuilders, because of the excess of muscular tissue that creates creatinine, will typically have high levels of creatinine. Severe dehydration will cause higher than normal creatinine. Eating a great deal of meat just hours before blood is drawn can elevate creatinine levels. Some drugs will cause higher than normal creatinine blood levels. These causes are ruled out before a follow up test to determine the cause of elevated creatinine. Low creatinine levels may indicate muscular dystrophy or myasthenia gravis. (3) Preeclampsia is a condition during pregnancy, the cause of which is poorly understood. Elevated creatinine may indicate preeclampsia in pregnant women, especially women on their first pregnancy. Untreated preeclampsia can lead to eclampsia, a life-threatening seizure disorder. Elevated creatinine in conjunction with swelling of the hands and face is an early sign of preeclampsia. Later signs may include persistent headache, pain in the upper-right quadrant of the abdomen, inadequate urination, agitation and nausea. 2b) The amount of creatinine the body produces each day depends on the person’s muscle mass: a young, muscular man produces more creatinine than a average non athletic male. Because muscle mass normally changes very little, creatinine is usually produced at about the same rate every day in each person. However, if continuous exercise is performed as in the case of an athlete the muscle employs the creatine phosphate metabolism more often and hence more creatine and creatinine is metabolized which will eventually increase the muscle mass of the individual. Athletes may also ingest creatine which will stimulate the production of creatinine in the body and will contribute to an increase in muscle mass. 2c) The blood urea test is a measure of the amount of nitrogen in the blood in the form of urea, and a measurement of renal function. Urea is a by-product from metabolism of proteins by the liver and is removed from the blood by the kidneys. The liver produces urea in the urea cycle as a waste product of the digestion of protein. Normal human adult blood should contain between 7 to 21 mg of urea nitrogen per 100 ml (7–21 mg/dL) of blood. BUN is an indication of renal health. Normal ranges 2. 5-6. 5mmol/L. If Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) and blood volume then BUN will increase. Conclusion The experimental results indicate that there was a elevated serum creatinine level that was above the normal levels. Elevated serum concentration may indicate impaired liver function. The serum creatinine level was found to be ______________. References 1. Delanghe J; De Slypere JP, De Buyzere M, Robbrecht J, Wieme R, Vermeulen A (Aug 1989). â€Å"Normal reference values for creatine, creatinine, and carnitine are lower in vegetarians†. Retreived October 3, 2012. 2. â€Å"The creatine-creatinine equilibrium. The apparent dissociation constants of creatine and creatinine. Retrieved October 3, 2012. 3. â€Å"International Society of Sports Nutrition position stand: creatine supplementation and exercise†. October 3, 2012. How to cite Creatinine Lab, Essay examples

A Modern Day Fredrick Douglass Essay Example For Students

A Modern Day Fredrick Douglass Essay The astounding story of Learning to Read, is about the struggles of a young boy named Frederick Douglass. The story follows the young man through the struggles of a young boy, without parents, learning not only how to be an adult, but to have the gift of an education. Douglass started out as a young boy who was being taught by his slave masters wife how to read. Then one day the lessons stopped completely, so then Douglass took his education into his own hands. He would sit and absorb information in all the time and people had no clue. He also used witty tactics to bribe or even challenge the boys on the block to learn more and more. This bread I used to bestow upon the hungry little urchins, who, in return, would give me that more valuable bread of knowledge. This quote, I feel, reminds me of the best job I have ever had in my life. Which is the story of how I got my first job on a yacht. This story reminds me of my childhood, where I would go out on the boat for any reason that I could. Most of the time I was out on the water I wanted to be able to do the things that my dad and granddad were doing. After ten years of learning from them, and many others, I achieved my dream job at the age of sixteen years old. The job was First Mate on a sport fishing vessel. This was the job I had always dreamed of because I rarely, if ever, got to go fishing in the ocean. Even though we could not afford to go all the time like I wanted to, my parents would find a way to do it every year. Most years we would go out on the big boat that my dads boss owned. I can remember wishing away the summer so I could go on our annual trip before school starts. This is what started my drive for getting a job on a boat. I remember the first time I went out fishing in the ocean. It was with my dad and uncle, and the best day of fishing I had ever had was that day. All the new fish to fight, and see for the first time amazed me. Another thing that amazed me was the pure size and power of the fish in the ocean. Most of my basic offshore fishing knowledge came from the old man that lived up the street from us. He was all the time fishing, and my mom, for a while, thought that was his only job. He would always come home every weekend with something new that I had never seen before. Once I befriended him, I would always go every Friday and Sunday nights to his house to just learn. On Friday nights I was learning how to tie a rig, or how to catch, or cure bait. On Sunday nights I would go to his house to see what you can get in return from Friday nights knowledge. This leads us to the trip I took with my dad and his boss just before my sophomore year in high school. This, like the many trips before, was awesome. We caught a lot of different fish and just had a great time. Then at dinner, later that night, and my dads boss asked me what job I would want if I could have any. This is when I told him that I was fascinated with ocean fishing and would love to be a mate on a fishing boat. He then asked me if I would be okay living on a boat and moving all over the coast to do the job, I said yes. Then my dads boss and my dad got up and walked outside for a smoke break. Little did I know he was trying to convince my dad to let me work on the boat during my breaks from school. When they returned to the table both men had smiles on their faces. At this point I am trying to figure out what happened outside for both men to look like that. .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 , .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .postImageUrl , .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 , .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879:hover , .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879:visited , .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879:active { border:0!important; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879:active , .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879 .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3b2b775c41e7282a8f6feb6b2ee92879:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Judge Declares Microsoft A Monopoly EssayThats when they hit me with the question, Would you like a job on my boat starting next summer? I quickly said yes. I then asked my dad if thats what they talked about outside and he said yes. He then congratulated me and said now we just have to convince your mom to let you live on a boat on breaks from school. That was a challenging task, but in the end she let me leave home to pursue my dream job. Even though i had been fishing on the boat since i was old enough to swim, i had to learn how to fish all over again. This was a small hurdle that i had to learn to live around, but made me a better fisherman. About six months into my new job my boss asked me if I would want to get my captains license. I quickly said when can I start logging my hours? He then told me that he had kept my hours for me since i started. I was then at the needed hour requirement and had to go to Florida to take the final test. I passed the first time and was awaiting a drug test to come back so that i could receive the license that took me a year and a half to get. When i got my captains license it opened the door to not only a pay raise, but opened many other opportunities. Right after I got my licence the captain of the boat I was working on retired and I then assumed the helm. Only eighteen years old i was the captain on a sixty foot sport fishing yacht. The boat itself was worth was worth around a million dollars. I thought the idea of an eighteen year old being in charge of a million dollar yacht was crazy at first, but then soon realized that the job was not that hard at all. It was then i realized all the times I sat in the co-pilot seat and just watched and listened that I had been soaking up all the information that was in front of me. When I made this realization it made sense, that I WAS qualified to pilot this boat because i had soaked up the knowledge that was sitting right in front of me the whole time. In conclusion, the story of Douglas was similar to my story. I may be better off then he started, but we both had a drive to learn what we so badly wanted to learn. Which I find awesome. Though the stories have nothing, whatsoever, in common they both came from individuals that had a drive, the drive to learn to to do what they wanted.